The argan tree is a natural ancestral wealth, classified by UNESCO as world natural heritage since 1999.
Highly emblematic of the region, the argan tree occupies a unique geographical area in the world of 800,000 ha of which 80% on the Souss Massa Draa region. Test implementation in other regions of the world gave no results.
Argan oil, considered one of the rarest oils of the world, has various virtues; food, pharmaceutical or cosmetic. It is traditionally extracted by Amazigh women of the region from the kernel of the fruit of the argan tree. It is a 100% natural and organic, fatty acid-rich unsaturated oil and vitamin E, which acts against arteriosclerosis, and moisturizing and regenerating skin benefits.
SAFRAN
Saffron, nicknamed the red gold is a beautiful flower, in addition to being one of the finest spices used as perfume to make tasty dishes.
It is very popular thanks to its multiple virtues. Indeed, it is not only for food but has always been very linked to the beauty and cosmetics, as well as other cosmetic and pharmaceutical uses throughout history.
The presence of Saffron in the Maghreb dates back to the 9th century. In the region, it is cultivated in Taliouine, Taroudant province, in the vicinity of Tazenakht.
Harvesting of the Saffron requires a huge work. Crocus sativus is a bulb that goes into Earth early September, and spent the summer dormant, which is perfectly adapted to the soils of low rainfall. It is harvested from late October and until mid November. The violet flower grows out of the ground during the night and must be picked daily before the sunrise. Pruning and drying of the stigmata follow quickly, to correctly preserve red gold. It takes about 200 flowers to get 1 g of dry saffron!
Almond tree
The almond tree, first tree to bloom in late winter, delights the view through this flowering, namely, the months of February and March.
The almond tree flowers appear before the leaves. Its fruits have a thin pure flavor and very tasty. In Morocco, the kernel has always been the offering by which it honoured guests, a sure sign of refinement.
Remarkably resistant to drought and very undemanding, it settled spontaneously in the valleys and plateaux of the Atlas mountains. Traditional orchards are located mainly in mountain areas, particularly the regions pre-rifaines and jibala, the massifs of the Anti-Atlas as well as in arid and subarides (TA, Azilal, oases of Draa, etc.).
The first place in the national production of this dry fruit (33 pc) accounts the region of Souss-Massa-Draa. The process of production of almonds is among the priorities of the second pillar of the Green Plan Morocco (social agriculture) which provides the increase in acreage in almond from 141,000 to 184,000 hectares representing an increase of 30%.
Figs of barbarism
The prickly pear is a Bay many seeds fleshy, prickly pear. It is a succulent characterised by stems in snowshoes thick and oval shapes.
The prickly pear is originally from Mexico who settled in other continents, including the Mediterranean and a few countries in South Africa.
The fruit of the prickly pear is very nutritious. Rich in vitamin C, it contains albumin, incristallisable sugar and mucilage (plant substance of viscous nature coagulable jellied alcohol). The taste of the fruit is nice, it is very healthy and very refreshing during the summer season. The barbarism of Morocco figs have a soothing virtue, it is possible to extract a very nourishing oil.
The culture of cactus pear represents 57% of the total agricultural turnover of 48.9% of the national production area. The development of this sector is an economic priority.
This activity is a very important lever for growth. Today little organized and low productivity, this sector to a considerable potential of development and creation of value, so wealth and jobs.
Henna
Henna in the Morocco is a social tradition which dates back to antiquity, it has both cosmetic and medicinal virtues. Henna is a tree or strongly scented shrub that can grow up to 20 feet in height. It is a branched plant, a mixture of leaves simple in color green and white with four petals, arranged in bouquets.
The flowers are small, fragrant, pink, yellow or red, and produce blue-black berries. The seed is black color, the tones of varied colors. It starts green jade, to grey green, passing through the emerald green. Smell the flowers is sweet with a slightly musky fragrance.
The region of Souss Massa Draa, Henna is grown on 1200 ha in the perimeters of Tan and Draa Valley with 2,400 farmers and 1 functional cooperative in Tamegroute (Jbel banned). Production amounts to approximately 36000 quintals per year.
Honey
Honey is one of the first human foods. It is well known by its multiple benefits for health as well as by its sweetness so that it is highly popular in the cuisine. Symbol of prosperity and abundance, it is cited in the Koran as beneficial for health and as one of the elements of paradise. The "nectar of the gods" is a food mainly energy, antianemique, antiseptic, aperitif, bechique (quiet cough) digestive, diuretic, emollient (releases, relaxes and softens the inflamed tissue), febrifuge (combat fever), laxative (facilitates intestinal transit), sedative and vicarious (compensates the deficiency).
The region of Souss Massa Draa, honey comes from the black bee (Apis mellifica) and the Saharan honeybee (Apis mellifera sahariensis), more disease-resistant and more productive; Citrus in the plain of the Souss; the thyme, cedar, Rosemary, thistle, and all flowers in the High Atlas; Euphorbia, thyme, carob, Rosemary, eucalyptus and all flowers in the anti-Atlas mountains in the region of Tiznit.
The Souss Massa Draa region has 110 000 traditional hives and 25,000 modern, while the annual production amounts to 512 tonnes in 2005 in the Souss Massa, 5% more than in 2004, and 13.5 tonnes for the region of Ouarzazate in 2000 with 15,000 beekeepers, 37 co-operatives and 8 associations of producers.
The date palm
Symbol of fertility and prosperity areas Saharan and pre-Saharan, date palm, located mainly along the Ziz and Draa valleys, is considered to be one of the oldest fruit species in the country. It is a member of the family Arecaceae or Palmae which are the family of Palm trees.
The culture of the date palm which is one of the main agricultural activities at the level of the pre-Saharan and Saharan zones, occupied a large area of more than 15 million feet more than a century ago, and placed the Morocco to the 3rd position worldwide in the production of dates.
The date palm is the basic structure of Agronomy of the Moroccan oases by creating a microclimate that is essential to the proper development of the underlying cultures. Furthermore, in addition to their power of soil desalination, palms are undemanding in water resources and fertile land, and they know to adapt to climatic and environmental hazards.
The region has 1 900 000 feet of Palm trees that produce 600,000 quintals per year. They enable the creation and maintenance of a microclimate in the oasis, to associated agricultural activities (cultivation, arboriculture,...).
The rose
The rose is the most fragrant and the captivating flower at the global level.
The culture of the region Souss Massa Draa rose represents 100% of the national production. It is a culture traditional and typical of the area called the "Valley of the roses. Growing areas extend over 45 Km from Valley of the Roses (from 5 km to the South of El Kelaa up to 4 Km North of Boulmane Dades). Roses are planted along in the form of hedges separating of parcels, on an estimated 3,200 km total length. The vast majority of farmers practicing cultivation in borders of their plots. The production is of 32 000 tonnes per year.
These small roses are used in the composition of countless beauty recipes. They used to extract gasoline and to manufacture the famous water of roses known for its various properties.
Caper
The caper is a shrub Mediterranean the Capparidaceae family, grown for its flower buds called capers. It belongs to the Capparis genus that contains over 350 species used for different purposes; food, medicine, cosmetics or ornamentation.
The Morocco is currently the leading producer and exporter of capers in the Mediterranean and in the world. The main three Moroccan regions where the caper is grown in the traditional way are: Taounate, Safi and Taroudant. But there are several other areas the spontaneous State.
Settlement in the Souss Massa Draa region areas are the southern slopes of the High Atlas and the Anti-Atlas (Tiznit province). Currently, a planting project 400,000 nursery on an area of 1000 hectares is underway at the level of the province of Tiznit (Tiznit CCA program (2006-2010)).
The carob tree
The Morocco is the second world producer country of the gum, this plant is known for its medicinal properties, it exerts a direct effect on the intestines.
It is often associated with the argan tree and the olive tree, because the biological constraints, the carob tree remains a potential under-exploited in the large TAZAOUAGHT.
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